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Short form cricket is a collective term for several modified forms of the sport of cricket, with playing times significantly shorter than more traditional forms of the game. A typical short form cricket match can be completed within two to three hours, compared to 7–8 hours for a one-day cricket match, or five days for a Test match. These short forms of cricket have been developed locally by various authorities, to fill a perceived marketing vacancy for a form of the sport which can be completed in a few hours, rather than a full day. They tend to emphasise the more "exciting" aspects of cricket as seen by more casual observers of the game, which includes aggressive batting and fast run scoring. In this regard they are successful, as shortened forms of cricket attract crowds of spectators who might not otherwise attend a cricket match. ==Twenty20 Cricket== (詳細はEngland and Wales Cricket Board in 2003. It is a form of one-day cricket in which each team bats for a maximum of only 20 overs, contrasting with 50 overs for a standard one-day match. This means a game can be completed in about three hours, making it more palatable for children and families than longer matches. The English first-class counties participate in a Twenty20 Cup competition annually. Many games are played in twilight, again to enhance family spectator appeal. They also feature numerous musical 'stings' for exciting events, such as the dismissal of a batsman, or the hitting of a boundary. Such fours and sixes are made easier to achieve by the shortening of the boundaries. Major changes from the Laws of Cricket include: * Should a bowler deliver a no ball by overstepping the crease, his next delivery is designated a free-hit, from which the batsman can only be dismissed through a run-out, as is the case for the original no ball. * Bowlers may bowl a maximum of only 4 overs per innings, as is standard for 20-over cricket. * Umpires may award 5-run penalties at their discretion if they believe either team is wasting time. So far, Twenty20 has proved very popular with the public. On 15 July 2004, Middlesex vs. Surrey (the first Twenty20 game to be held at Lord's) attracted a crowd of 26,500, the largest attendance for any county game other than a one-day final since 1953. On 5 August 2004, New Zealand Women defeated England Women in the first international Twenty20 match, played at Hove in England. On 12 January 2005, Australia's first Twenty20 game was played at the WACA Ground between the Western Warriors and the Victorian Bushrangers. It drew a sellout crowd of 20,700 – the largest seen at the ground for many years. On 17 February 2005, Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park in Auckland. The United States professional Pro Cricket league used a format based on Twenty20, with two other changes: * Overs are 5 balls long. * Bowlers are restricted to 5 overs per innings (meaning only 4 bowlers are required). (For more information on bowler restrictions, see one-day cricket.) On 24 September 2007, India captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoni won the inaugural World Twenty20 by defeating arch rivals Pakistan in the final. On 21 June 2009, the young Pakistani side outclassed Sri Lanka winning the second World Twenty20 comprehensively by 8 wickets. In May 2010, England beat Australia in the final of the third World Twenty20 competition, hosted in the West Indies. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Short form cricket」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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